Abstract:
Trefoil peptides (TFFs) are a group of small secreted proteins, which play an important role in the protecting and healing processes of the stomach and intestine.
The aim of these experiments was to create a basic foundation for understanding the exact function and/or the mode of action of the Tff2 gene. Since in the case of human trefoil peptides, no naturally occurring chance mutations leading to constitutional diseases had been discovered, a straight forward experimental approach for new insight into this trefoil peptide function is to engineer a strain of so-called knock-out mice, in which Tff2 is missing.
By employing a replacement strategy, one allele of Tff2 was substituted in ES cells by homologous recombination in order to create the Tff2 knock-out mouse.
The primary aim of this project was to construct the targeting vector (pL2-?m2), whereby the mouse trefoil gene Tff2 was disrupted, and to characterise the germline transmission of the mutant allele in heterozygous (Tff2+/-) animals. Indeed, this goal was realised within the scope of this work. In the near future, the mice will be mated inter se to generate the mutant Tff2 (-/-) knockout mice, completing the family of already existing trefoil knockout mice.
To obtain fundamental information about the mouse trefoil gene cluster, the genomic structure was determined. Three bacterial and one yeast artificial chromosome recombinants (BACs and YAC) were identified and used for detailed characterisation by PCR, restriction mapping, hybridisation, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). In a similar fashion to the TFF gene cluster in humans, the mouse Tff genes cover a region of approximately 40 kb in the transcriptional order Tff1-Tff2-Tff3 and are localised on chromosome 17.