Abstract:
This dissertation examines how elite athletes perceive, evaluate, and practically manage physical health risks. High-performance sport constitutes a structurally risk-laden environment in which athletes are continuously exposed to conditions that push the limits of the body and generate psychological stress—often in pursuit of peak performance and at the expense of their own health. As a response, various risk-related behaviors, such as performing hurt (participating in training or competition despite pain, injury, or illness) or the use of pain medication, have become normalized coping strategies.
Despite the widespread nature of such behaviors, research on the management of physical health risks in sport remains incomplete and largely confined within individual disciplines. This dissertation addresses this gap by developing an interdisciplinary framework that integrates theoretical and methodological perspectives from sports medicine, sport psychology, and sport sociology. A constructivist conceptual approach is employed, enabling risks to be understood not as objective entities, but as individually experienced and interpreted threats situated at the intersection of medical diagnoses and social meanings.
The dissertation builds on existing literature on risk conceptualizations within the respective disciplines. At its core are five empirical studies that investigate: (1) how handball players manage physical health risks over the course of their careers, (2) the subjective meanings that injuries hold for athletes, (3) how psychosocial factors influence the phenomenon of performing hurt across sport, music, and dance, (4) the prevalence of pain medication use in elite handball, and (5) the identification of risk profiles related to self-medication. Methodologically, the research combines quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and systematic literature reviews.
The dissertation yields three main findings. First, it demonstrates that the management of physical health risks in elite sport is an individual negotiation process, strongly shaped by subjective perceptions, evaluations, and practical coping strategies. Second, it reveals that risk perception, evaluation, and management are dynamic processes that evolve over the course of athletic careers, influenced by context, identity, and status. Third, it shows that these sub-processes are closely interrelated and are the result of individual constructions of risk.
By integrating medical, psychological, and sociological perspectives across disciplines, this work contributes to a more comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and athlete-centered understanding of health-related decision-making in elite sport.