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<title>7 Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät</title>
<link>http://hdl.handle.net/10900/42133</link>
<description/>
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<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179236"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179222"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179128"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179112"/>
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<dc:date>2026-05-13T16:53:32Z</dc:date>
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<item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179236">
<title>The Effect of Disorder in Crystalline Materials on Structural and Spectroscopic Properties of Ln3+-Doped Alkali Yttrium Fluorides : Quantum Chemical &amp; Experimental Assessment</title>
<link>http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179236</link>
<description>The Effect of Disorder in Crystalline Materials on Structural and Spectroscopic Properties of Ln3+-Doped Alkali Yttrium Fluorides : Quantum Chemical &amp; Experimental Assessment
Conrad, Chris Steve
Because of their unique optical properties, the lanthanides (Ln) are employed as do-pants in a large manifold of optoelectronic applications. The optical properties of the Ln are influenced by the local coordination environment at an atomistic level. This local environment, in turn, is linked to the (crystallographic) order or disorder present in the lattice of the host material. Energy levels, oscillator strengths, and emission spectra of lanthanides doped into either ordered or disordered host materials may, therefore, vary noticeably. For other effects, such as photon upconversion, that depend on these prop-erties, different responses are also to be expected for ordered and disordered systems.&#13;
In this work, a combined theoretical and experimental investigation of the optical properties of three Ln (Er, Tm, and Yb) doped into two typical upconverting host materi-als, ordered LiYF4 and intrinsically disordered β NaYF4, is presented. The objectives of this study were to establish how crystallographic disorder influences the structure of the host material, the local symmetry of doping sites, and the optical response of Ln doped into such sites. In the first part of the study, periodic density functional theory was ap-plied to optimise the examined structures and systematically characterise the conse-quences of cation disorder in β NaYF4. The model was benchmarked by comparing its predictions with data from the literature for both LiYF4 and β NaYF4. In the second part, the optimised structures served as the basis for embedded cluster calculations to pre-dict crystal field splitting, energies, and oscillator strengths via a wavefunction-based approach for the three Ln. Results were compared to values available in the literature and showed very good agreement. In both studies, the disorder experienced by β NaYF4 was considered through a custom weighting scheme of the available disordered struc-tures.&#13;
Finally, emission spectra from specifically prepared Ln-doped upconverting nano-particles were recorded and compared to those generated from the computational data sets. Great overlap between the spectra compared was observed, highlighting the va-lidity of the computational approach and the disordered nature of β NaYF4. The study demonstrated that β NaYF4 cannot be adequately described by a single representative structure. Remaining challenges are connecting the observed changes in the emission profiles to the enhanced upconversion yield observed for disordered host materials.
</description>
<dc:date>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179222">
<title>A New Apparatus for Quantum Simulation with Degenerate Mixtures of Erbium and Lithium</title>
<link>http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179222</link>
<description>A New Apparatus for Quantum Simulation with Degenerate Mixtures of Erbium and Lithium
De Martino, Alexandre
Die Quantensimulation ist ein leistungsstarkesWerkzeug zur Untersuchung hoch korrelierter&#13;
Systeme. Sie spielt eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Bereitstellung experimenteller Daten&#13;
in Szenarien, in denen numerische Methoden die Komplexität von Vielteilchenproblemen&#13;
nicht zuverlässig bewältigen können. In den letzten zehn Jahren haben Plattformen mit&#13;
ultrakalten atomaren Gasen ihre Vielseitigkeit und Eignung als Quantensimulatoren unter&#13;
Beweis gestellt.&#13;
Heute liegt ein zentraler Schwerpunkt auf dem Verständnis der Hochtemperatur-Supraleitung&#13;
auf mikroskopischer Ebene, wo die Fermi-Flüssigkeitstheorie und die Beschreibung der&#13;
Supraleitung durch Cooper-Paare versagen. Ironischerweise sind ultrakalte Atomplattformen&#13;
trotz ihrer niedrigen absoluten Temperaturen immer noch zu heiß, um das gesamte&#13;
Fermi-Hubbard-Phasendiagramm zu untersuchen. Es werden weiterhin neue Wege zur&#13;
Senkung der Temperaturen erforscht, um bisher unzugängliche Bereiche zu erkunden.&#13;
In dieser Arbeit wird ein neues Quantengas-Experiment mit 166Er-6Li vorgestellt und die&#13;
ersten experimentellen Ergebnisse präsentiert. Die Apparatur wird detailliert beschrieben,&#13;
wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den Er-Subsystemen liegt. Die verschiedenen Kühlstufen werden&#13;
charakterisiert: Die Zeeman-Kühlung- und die “Angled slowing”, die in Kombination mit einer&#13;
schmalbandigen magneto-optischen Falle verwendet werden, bilden den Ausgangspunkt.&#13;
Der anschließende Transfer in eine optische Dipolfalle und der Transport über große&#13;
Entfernungen mit einem optischen Gitter werden ebenfalls detailliert beschrieben, wobei&#13;
der Schwerpunkt auf dem Design und der Charakterisierung der Transportvorrichtung liegt.&#13;
Die transportierten Atome werden in eine zweite optische Dipolfalle übertragen, die in&#13;
einer Glaszelle localiziert ist, dort wird anschließend die exakte Vermessung einter tune-out&#13;
Wellelänge von Er vorgenommen. Die Anisotropie der Ausstimmung wurde verwendet, um&#13;
den Tensorwert der Polarisierbarkeit von Er zu bestimmen. Der dissipationsfreie Charakter&#13;
der Falle wurde durch Lebensdauermessungen beider Spezies in ihren jeweiligen Fallen&#13;
bestätigt.&#13;
Schließlich wird über die erste Herstellung einer quantenentarteten Mischung aus 166Er&#13;
und 6Li berichtet, die die Effizienz der sympathischen Kühlung von Li durch Er demonstriert.&#13;
Dieses Ergebnis markiert den ersten Meilenstein für dieses Experiment, das darauf abzielt,&#13;
mit einem Fermi-Gas ein bisher unerreichtes Maß an Entartung zu erreichen.; Quantum simulation is a powerful tool for the investigation of strongly correlated systems.&#13;
Its role is critical to provide experimental data in scenarios where numerical methods cannot&#13;
reliably handle the complexity of the many-body problems. Over the past decade, ultracold&#13;
atomic gases platforms have demonstrated their versatility and suitability as quantum&#13;
simulators.&#13;
Today, a central point of interest is the understanding of high-temperature superconductivity&#13;
on the microscopic scale, where the Fermi liquid theory and description of superconductivity&#13;
by Cooper pairs break down. The governing Fermi-Hubbard model, which&#13;
describes the behaviour of fermions in a lattice such as the electrons in a solid, is now implemented&#13;
in quantum simulators built with cold atoms. Ironically, despite their low absolute&#13;
temperatures, ultracold atoms platforms are sill too hot to probe the entire Fermi-Hubbard&#13;
phase diagram. New routes to lower temperatures are still being explored, striving to reach&#13;
previously inaccessible regimes.&#13;
In this thesis, a new quantum-gas experiment of 166Er-6Li is presented along with the first&#13;
experimental results. The apparatus is described in detail with a focus on the Er subsystems.&#13;
The different cooling stages are characterized: the Zeeman slower and Angled Slowing&#13;
stages, used in combination with a narrow-line magneto-optical trap form the starting point.&#13;
The subsequent loading in an optical dipole trap and long-range transport with an optical&#13;
lattice are also detailed, with an emphasis on the design and performance of the transport&#13;
setup.&#13;
The transported atoms are transferred in a second optical dipole trap built in a glass cell,&#13;
where the measurement of Erbium’s tune-out wavelength was performed. The anisotropy of&#13;
the tune-out was used to extract the tensor value of Er’s polarizability. The dissipationless&#13;
character of the trap was confirmed by lifetime measurements of both species in their&#13;
respective traps.&#13;
Finally, the first production of a quantum-degenerate mixture of 166Er and 6Li is reported,&#13;
demonstrating the efficiency of the sympathetic cooling of Li by Er. This results marks&#13;
the first milestone for this experiment, in its pursuit of reaching unprecedented levels of&#13;
degeneracy with a Fermi gas.
</description>
<dc:date>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179128">
<title>Artificial Vision: Testing of a Novel Electrical  Stimulation Electrode Array and  Optimization of Electrical Stimulation  Parameters for Biomimetic Retinal Stimulation</title>
<link>http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179128</link>
<description>Artificial Vision: Testing of a Novel Electrical  Stimulation Electrode Array and  Optimization of Electrical Stimulation  Parameters for Biomimetic Retinal Stimulation
Peiroten, Lucia
Electrical retinal implants aim to restore some artificial vision to patients, e.g., &#13;
suffering from Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), by electrically stimulating (e-stim) the &#13;
remaining  retinal  network.  Although  implanted  patients  have  demonstrated &#13;
improvements in daily life activities,  the  implants face significant  limitations in &#13;
both  temporal  and  spatial  resolution.  Over  the  last  decade,  optimizing  stim &#13;
paradigms has been the subject of several studies. However, many underlying &#13;
mechanisms of retinal e-stim still remain unclear. Therefore, this project seeks &#13;
to understand the effects of e-stim on the retina and to identify optimized stim &#13;
strategies.  By  systematically  investigating  different  stim  paradigms  in  an &#13;
appropriate RP mouse model, profound new insights were found. &#13;
A  newly  methodical  protocol  was  established.  Degenerated  mouse  retinal &#13;
explants  were  stimulated  subretinally,  and  the  evoked  ganglion  cell  (GC) &#13;
responses were recorded using Ca2+-imaging and MEA. This allowed a precise &#13;
spatiotemporal analysis of the stim dependent GC activity and the investigation &#13;
of the role of the neuromodulator Ca2+ in shaping GC responses. First, applying &#13;
e-stim using  the advanced chip  layout of  the RetinaSensor  (dense electrode &#13;
array; macro-electrodes are replaced by 6 circular arranged micro-electrodes) &#13;
and  activating  the  electrodes  biomimetically  could  confine  the GC  activation &#13;
spread  to  ~60 µm.  Regarding  optimized  stim  parameters,  the  systematic &#13;
investigation  of  e-stim  parameters  showed  the  advantage  of  a  biphasic &#13;
cathodic-first pulse with the target- (stimulating) and counter- (opposite polarity &#13;
as target) electrode being nearby in evoking GC responses. The significance of &#13;
the  target  and  counter-electrode  positioning  for  future  implants  was  further &#13;
validated, as it was demonstrated that the cathode (negative electrode) elicited &#13;
stronger GC responses compared to the anode (positive electrode). Moreover, &#13;
applying different stim frequencies revealed a correlation between frequency, &#13;
response  strength  and  stim  depth.  Combined Ca2+-imaging  with MEA  spike &#13;
recordings revealed  that high-frequent  stim (&gt;5 Hz) clamped  the  intracellular &#13;
Ca2+  electrogenically  at  elevated  levels  and  lead  to  an  outage  of  action &#13;
potentials  throughout  sustained  e-stim.  Finally,  the  disintegration  of  the &#13;
conventional  1 ms  pulse  into  several  100  µs  pulses  lead  to  an  increase  in &#13;
response  variation  within  a  voltage  range  of  0.4 V  compared  to  e-implants, &#13;
yielding higher variety in translating light intensities into e-stim. Overall, the stim &#13;
strategies elaborated in this thesis combined with advanced implant design like &#13;
RetinaSensor with biomimetic electrode activation will guide  future studies  in &#13;
enhancing retinal responses spatiotemporally and be the next step to enhanced &#13;
e-mediated artificial vision.; Dissertation ist gesperrt bis 22. Oktober 2027 !
</description>
<dc:date>2027-10-22T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179112">
<title>Entwicklung von ACKR3-spezifischen Agonisten und deren pharmakologische Wirksamkeit</title>
<link>http://hdl.handle.net/10900/179112</link>
<description>Entwicklung von ACKR3-spezifischen Agonisten und deren pharmakologische Wirksamkeit
Kolb, Kyra
Thrombozyten spielen eine zentrale Rolle in der Hämostase und Thrombose, sind jedoch auch maßgeblich an inflammatorischen Prozessen beteiligt. Neben klassischen Aktivierungsrezeptoren wurden in den letzten Jahren zunehmend Chemokinrezeptoren auf Thrombozyten beschrieben, die zur Regulation thromboinflammatorischer Prozesse beitragen. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf dem atypischen Chemokinrezeptor ACKR3 (CXCR7), dessen Funktion in der Thrombozytenbiologie bislang nur unzureichend verstanden ist.&#13;
Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Rolle von ACKR3 in der Regulation thrombozytärer Funktionen zu untersuchen und die pharmakologischen Effekte neu entwickelter ACKR3-spezifischer Agonisten zu charakterisieren. Hierfür wurden verschiedene experimentelle Ansätze genutzt, darunter Durchflusszytometrie-basierte Aktivierungsanalysen, Aggregationsassays sowie Untersuchungen zur Thrombusbildung. Ergänzend wurden genetische Modelle und pharmakologische Inhibitoren eingesetzt, um zugrunde liegende Signalmechanismen zu analysieren.&#13;
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Aktivierung von ACKR3 durch synthetische Agonisten die Thrombozytenaktivierung modulieren und thrombotische Prozesse beeinflussen kann. Im Rahmen eines Screenings wurden mehrere potenzielle ACKR3-Agonisten identifiziert, die eine Aktivierung β-Arrestin-abhängiger Signalwege induzieren und gleichzeitig thrombozytäre Aktivierungsprozesse reduzieren konnten. Darüber hinaus liefern die Daten Hinweise darauf, dass die beobachteten Effekte weitgehend unabhängig vom klassischen Chemokinrezeptor CXCR4 vermittelt werden.&#13;
Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit liefern neue Einblicke in die Funktion von ACKR3 in der Thrombozytenbiologie und unterstreichen das Potenzial dieses Rezeptors als pharmakologisches Ziel für zukünftige therapeutische Strategien zur Behandlung thromboinflammatorischer Erkrankungen.
</description>
<dc:date>2026-05-12T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
</item>
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